Differences between F-1 and J-1 visas

F-1 StudentJ-1 Student
Source of FundingNo funding source requirements. Funding sources may include personal funds, contributions from family or friends, scholarships, fellowships, or a combination of these options.Must have at least 51% of total funding from a source other than
personal or from family (or friends).
On-Campus EmploymentUp to 20 hours/week when school is in session.
Over 20 hours/week when school is not in session
Requires prior authorization from the ISO.
Up to 20 hours/week when school is in session.
Over 20 hours/week when school is not in session
Off-Campus EmploymentCPT and pre/post-OPT authorization are available for off-campus employment. OPT is granted for up to 12 months, with a 24-month STEM extension available for eligible students.Academic Training. Duration equal to length of study or 18 months, whichever is shorter.
PhD students eligible for up to 36 months.
Graduating students must have job offer within 30 days of graduation.
DependentsF-2 dependents are not eligible for employment.
Dependents are allowed to study part-time or in a vocational or recreational capacity.
J-2 Spouses may apply to USCIS for authorization to work in the U.S. after they arrive.
Dependents may study fulltime or part-time.
Health InsuranceMust enroll in TCU student health insurance.Must enroll in TCU student health insurance.
Dependents must meet minimum J-1
insurance requirements as determined by Department of State.
RestrictionsThere is no 2 year home residency
requirement or 12-month bar.
Certain Exchange Visitors and their dependents may be required to fulfill a two-year home country physical presence requirement after completing their program. J-1 students who finish an academic program must wait 12 months before they can use the J-1 research scholar/professor category.
Grace Period60 day grace period to depart U.S. following the completion of program or
Optional Practical Training.
30 day grace period to depart the U.S. following the completion of
program or Academic Training